Proteomics

Proteomics refers to the totality of all proteins present in a living organism, tissue, cell or cell compartment at a certain point in time under defined conditions. The proteome is subject to constant change, as proteins are constantly being synthesised or degraded. Proteomics analysis is therefore mainly concerned with sample preparation and the separation of proteins, enzymes, peptides and amino acids. It also includes RNA and DNA analysis in some cases.

 

Sample preparation primarily includes protein extraction, peptide purification and phosphopeptide enrichment.

 

A range of chromatographic separation methods are available for analysing proteins and peptides. These include reversed-phase chromatography, hydrophilic and hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HILIC and HIC), ion exchange chromatography (IEX), size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and affinity chromatography (AFC).

 

Below you will find further information and catalogue material with application examples from various manufacturers for the analysis of proteins, peptides and amino acids as well as DNA, RNA and other related substances.

Below you will find more detailed information with application examples for analysing specific proteins, peptides, DNA, RNA, antibodies, amino acids, etc.

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Technical Data

Top-Down versus Bottom-Up Approach

A large number of proteins and peptides play an important role in the analysis of proteomics. Mass spectrometry (MS) is often used to detect these analytes. There are two different approaches for the MS analysis of proteomics: top-down and bottom-up.

 

Top-down is used to analyse and fragment intact proteins by ESI-MS (Electron Spray Ionisation) in the gas phase. The large number of different charge variants of the proteins can lead to complicated spectra. Liquid chromatography can help to separate complex samples before they are detected by ESI-MS. The top-down approach can be used to recognise degradation products and sequence variants, which help to solve interference problems and determine post-translational modifications.

 

Bottom-up describes the approach in which the proteins are first enzymatically cleaved (also called digestion, often tryptic digest). The resulting peptides can then be analysed by mass spectrometry. Individual proteins or a mixture of proteins can be cleaved. This enzymatic cleavage yields thousands to hundreds of thousands of peptides, which is why a two-dimensional approach can be helpful. The original proteins can then be identified by comparison with theoretical peptide masses or a database.

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GL Sciences

Sample preparation - Tryptic Digest:

  • MonoTip Trypsin

 

Sample preparation - Desalting and enrichment:

  • MonoTip C18

 

Sample preparation - Phosphopeptide enrichment:

  • Titansphere
  • Titansphere Phos-TiO Kit
  • Titansphere Phos-TiO MP Kit
  • Titansphere Phos-TiO for large samples

 

Sample preparation - Desalting of phosphopeptides:

  • GL-Tip SDB
  • GL-Tip GC
  • MonoTip TiO

 

Sample preparation - removal of phosphopeptides:

  • MonoSpin Phospholipid

 

Sample preparation - purification and enrichment of small samples:

  • MonoSpin Series

 

Sample preparation - peptide fractionation:

  • GL-Tip SCX
  • GL-Tip SDB-SCX

 

Sample preparation - antibody purification:

  • MonoSpin ProA
  • MonoSpin ProG

 

Proteomics - Reversed Phase:

  • MonoCap C18
  • ProteoSil 300-C18
  • ProteoSil 300-C8
  • ProteoSil 200-C18
  • ProteoSil 100-C18
  • ProteoSil 300-C4
  • MonoSelect RP-mAb

 

Proteomics - HILIC:

  • MonoCap HILIC
  • ProteoSil HILIC

 

Proteomics - SEC:

  • ProteoSil 300-SEC
  • ProteoSil 100-SEC

 

Proteomics - IEX:

  • MonoCap SCX

 

Proteins and peptides - Reversed phase:

  • Inertsil WP300 C18

 

Proteins - SEC:

  • Inertsil WP300 Diol


Sepax

Proteins, peptides and antibodies - SEC:

  • SRT
  • Unix
  • Zenix
  • Nanofilm

 

Antibodies - IEX:

  • Antibodix

 

Antibodies - Affinity chromatography:

  • ProAqa Excel
  • Affinity HSA
  • Polar MC-IMAC Excel (metal affinity)

 

Proteomics - IEX:

  • Proteomix

 

Proteomics - Reversed Phase:

  • PolyRP

 

Proteomics - HIC:

  • Proteomix HIC

 

mRNA - Affinity chromatography:

  • Monomix dT20 Affinity

 

Adeno-associated Viruses - IEX:

  • Proteomix AAV SAX

Shodex

Proteins and peptides - SEC:

  • Protein KW
  • Protein LW

 

Proteins and Peptides - Reversed Phase:

  • RSpak DE
  • Asahipak ODP-50

 

Proteins and peptides - HILIC:

  • HILICpak VC-50
  • Asahipak NH2P

 

Proteins and peptides - IEX:

  • IEC QA-825
  • IEC DEAE-825
  • IEC SP-825
  • IEC SP-FT 4A
  • IEC CM-825
  • IEC ES-502C 7C

 

Proteins and peptides - mixed mode:

  • Asahipak GS-220 HQ
  • Asahipak GS-320 HQ

 

Amino acids - IEX:

  • RSpak NN-814
  • IC YS-50
  • CXpak P-421

 

Amino acids - Reversed phase:

  • Asahipak ODP-50

 

Amino acids - HILIC:

  • HILICpak VC-50
  • HILICpak VG-50
  • Asahipak NH2P

 

Nucleotides - Mixed-Mode:

  • Asahipak GS-320 HQ
  • RSpak NN-814

 

Nucleotide - Reversed Phase:

  • RSpak DE

 

Oligonucleotides - HILIC:

  • HILICpak VN-50

 

DNA/RNA - IEX:

  • IEC DEAE-825

 

DNA/RNA - SEC:

  • OHpak SB
  • OHpak LB
  • Asahipak GF-510 HQ
  • Asahipak GF-M0 HQ

Thermo

Peptides - Reversed Phase:

  • Accucore 150-C18

 

Proteins - Reversed Phase:

  • Accucore 150-C4
  • ProSwift RP
  • PepSwift

 

Proteins - HIC:

  • MAbPAC HIC Series
  • ProPac HIC

 

Proteins - Charge variants with IEX:

  • ProPac Elite WCX
  • ProPac SAX-1
  • MAbPac SCX
  • ProPac 3R IEX

 

Antibodies - affinity chromatography:

  • MAbPAC Protein A

 

Antibodies - SEC:

  • MAbPac SEC-1
  • Acclaim SEC-300
  • Acclaim SEC-1000

 

Antibody - Reversed Phase:

  • MAbPac RP (Top-Down)
  • BioBasic C4

 

Antibodies - IEX:

  • ProPac Elite WCX

 

Glycans - HILIC:

  • Accucore 150-Amide-HILIC

 

Glycans - Mixed-Mode:

  • GlycanPac AXH-1
  • GlycanPac AXR-1

 

Peptide Mapping - Reversed Phase:

  • Hypersil GOLD VANQUISH C18
  • Hypersil GOLD Peptide
  • PepMap (Bottom-Up)
  • µPAC (Bottom-Up)

 

Nucleic acids and oligonucleotides - reversed phase:

  • DNAPac RP

 

Oligonucleotides - IEX:

  • DNAPac PA200
  • DNASwift SAX-1S
  • DNAPac RP

 

Proteins and peptides - metal affinity:

  • ProPac IMAC-10

 

Sample preparation - Digestion:

  • SMART Digest

 

Proteins - IC:

  • Dionex CarboPac PA20
  • Dionex IonPac AS11-HC

Tosoh

Proteins and peptides - SEC:

  • TSKgel SW
  • TSKgel SWXL
  • TSKgel SuperSW
  • TSKgel UltraSW
  • TSKgel UP-SW

 

Amino acids - IEX:

  • TSKgel SAX
  • TSKgel SCX

 

Peptides and small proteins - IEX:

  • TSKgel Q-STAT
  • TSKgel SP-STAT
  • TSKgel CM-STAT
  • TSKgel SCX
  • TSKgel SP-2SW
  • TSKgel CM-2SW
  • TSKgel DEAE-2SW

 

Peptides - HIC:

  • TSKgel Butyl-NPR

 

Proteins - IEX:

  • TSKgel BioAssist S
  • TSKgel BioAssist Q
  • TSKgel Q-STAT
  • TSKgel SP-5PW
  • TSKgel DEAE-5PW
  • TSKgel CM-5PW
  • TSKgel SP-STAT
  • TSKgel CM-STAT
  • TSKgel SP-NPR
  • TSKgel DEAE-NPR
  • TSKgel SuperQ-5PW

 

Proteins - HIC:

  • TSKgel Phenyl-5PW
  • TSKgel Ether-5PW
  • TSKgel Butyl-NPR

 

Proteins - Reversed Phase:

  • TSKgel Protein C4-300
  • TSKgel TMS-250

 

Nucleosides - IEX:

  • TSKgel SP-2SW
  • TSKgel DEAE-2SW

 

Nucleotides - IEX:

  • TSKgel Q-/DNA-STAT
  • TSKgel DEAE-2SW

 

Peptides, oligonucleotides, nucleobases - HILIC:

  • TSKgel Amide-80

 

Oligonucleotides - IEX:

  • TSKgel Q-/DNA-STAT
  • TSKgel DEAE-5PW
  • TSKgel DEAE-NPR
  • TSKgel DNA-NPR
  • TSKgel SuperQ-5PW

 

Oligonucleotides and DNA/RNA - HIC:

  • TSKgel Phenyl-5PW
  • TSKgel Butyl-NPR

 

Oligonucleotides and DNA/RNA - Reversed Phase:

  • TSKgel Oligo-DNA RP

 

DNA/RNA - IEX:

  • TSKgel Q-/DNA STAT
  • TSKgel DNA-NPR
  • TSKgel DEAE-NPR
  • TSKgel DEAE-5PW
  • TSKgel DEAE-3SW

 

Antibody affinity chromatography:

  • TSKgel FcR-IIIA-NPR
  • TSKgel Protein A-5PW

Waters

Peptides - UHPLC - Reversed Phase:

  • Acquity UPLC Peptide CSH C18, 1.7µm
  • Acquity Premier Peptide CSH C18, 1.7µm
  • Acquity UPLC Peptide HSS T3, 1.8µm
  • Acquity Premier Peptide HSS T3, 1.8µm
  • Acquity UPLC Peptide BEH C18, 1.7µm
  • Acquity Premier Peptide BEH C18, 1.7µm
  • XSelect Peptide CSH C18, 2.5µm
  • XSelect Premier Peptide CSH C18, 2.5µm
  • XSelect Peptide HSS T3, 2.5µm
  • XSelect Premier Peptide HSS T3, 2.5µm
  • nanoEase MZ Peptide BEH C18, 1.7µm
  • XBridge Premier Peptide BEH C18, 2.5µm

Peptides - Reversed Phase:

  • XBridge Peptide BEH C18, 3.5µm
  • BioSuite C18
  • Delata-Pak

 

Peptides/Proteins - IEX:

  • Protein-Pak HR Q
  • Protein-Pak HR DEAE
  • Protein-Pak HR SP
  • Protein-Pak HR CM
  • BioSuite SP
  • BioSuite CM
  • BioSuite Q
  • BioSuite DEAE

 

Proteins - Reversed Phase:

  • BioResolve RP mAb Polyphenyl, 2.7µm
  • BioSuite Phenyl, 10µm
  • DeltaPak C4
  • Symmetry C4 300, 3.5µm, 5µm
  • XBridge Protein BEH C4

Proteins - UHPLC - HILIC:

  • ACQUITY Glycoprotein BEH Amide, 1.7µm

 

Proteins - UHPLC - HIC:

  • Protein-Pak Hi Res HIC, 2.5µm

 

Proteins - HIC:

  • Protein-Pak Hi Phenyl, 10µm

 

Proteins - UHPLC - IEX:

  • BioSuite Anion-Exchange, 2.5µm

 

Proteins - UHPLC - Reversed Phase:

  • ACQUITY Protein BEH C4, 1.7µm
  • nanoEase MZ Protein BEH C4, 1.7µm

 

Proteins - UHPLC - SEC:

  • ACQUITY Premier Protein SEC
  • BioResolve SEC mAb, 2.5µm
  • XBridge Premier Protein SEC, 2.5µm

 

Proteins - SEC:

  • BioSuite Diol (OH), 5µm
  • Protein-Pak SEC

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