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Reagents are essential chemicals in chromatography that fulfil a variety of functions and contribute significantly to the quality and efficiency of analyses. They are used to modify samples, improve separation performance and increase detection sensitivity. By selecting and using reagents correctly, laboratories can achieve more precise and reliable results.
Sample modification: Reagents can be used to modify the chemical properties of samples. For example, derivatisation reagents can convert polar compounds into less polar, more volatile derivatives to improve their separability and detectability in gas chromatography (GC).
Improving separation performance: Ionic and polar reagents, such as ion-exchange reagents or ion-pairing reagents, can be used to modify the interactions of the analytes with the stationary phase and thus optimise the separation. In high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), they improve the retention and selectivity of ionic compounds.
Increasing detection sensitivity: Reagents can increase the sensitivity and selectivity of detection. Fluorescent labels or chemical derivatisation reagents are used to improve the detectability of certain analytes by undergoing specific chemical reactions that generate easily detectable signals.